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Vocabulary:  Curriculum: Could refer to a set of classes and their content. Provides curricular and instructional guidance as well as instructional strategies and resources.  Dynamic conception: Idea that curriculum reflects what teachers and students do as they engage in the class activities. Since, in this sense, curriculum represents what teachers do, their beliefs about literacyContinue reading “370 CH. 2”

Systemic Instructional Approach: Direct teaching with a logical sequence. Many opportunities are available to practice specific skills. Instruction moves along a defined order to build off of each skill. Autobiographical Narrative: Helps to link personal history as a reader to instructional beliefs and practices. Includes being able to look into past reading experiences to understandContinue reading “CHAPTER 1 (370)”

Vocabulary:  Text Sets: Books and other reading material on topics to use in thematics units. It is important for teachers to collect material for all reading levels, all types of genres, and multimedia delivery methods as well. Examples of text sets that are collected are: atlases, maps, brochures, digital articles, films and audio, magazines, modelsContinue reading “Chapter 12: Reading and Writing Across the Curriculum”

Vocabulary: Addressing Struggling Readers Problems:  Predict reading difficulties early: Difficulty developing concepts around written language, phonemic awareness, letter names, and phoneme- grapheme correspondences Slow to respond to classmates when asked to identify words Behavior deviates from school norms Children with family history of reading struggles are more likely to struggle with reading Addressing Struggling Writers’Continue reading “Chapter 11: Differentiating for Success”

Vocabulary: Basal: 4 component below Selections in grade-level textbooks: Everyone reads the same selections in the textbook each week, no matter what their reading level is. Teacher has a guide which offers supportive suggestions for struggling readers and english learners. A video or audiotape is often included with teacher guide for students to listen toContinue reading “Chapter 10: Organizing for Instruction”

Vocaublary: Genres: Categories of literature. Usually stories, informational, or poetry. Subgenres fall into those 3 categories.  Text Structure: Used to organize text and emphasize most important ideas.  Text Features: Used to achieve particular effect in writing. Symbolism, tone, headings, indexes, page layout, etc.  Narrative Genres: Below Folklore: Includes fables; point out morals, folktales; heroes triumphContinue reading “Chapter 9- Promoting Comprehension: Text Factors”

Vocabulary: Comprehension: A creative thinking process where students engage with the text. In order to comprehend, some students may have a mental “picture” of what they are reading. The goal is to remember what they’ve read. Text Complexity: Way of examining comprehension to determine cognitive demands of books. Tells how well a student can completeContinue reading “Chapter 8: Promoting Comprehension: Reader Factors”

Vocabulary: Academic Vocabulary: Words used frequently in language arts, social studies, science, and math. Student’s knowledge of academic vocab is part of their background knowledge and affects their success in school. Basic words (Tier 1): Common words that are used in informal social conversation at home and on the playground. Usually native english speakers don’tContinue reading “Chapter 7: Expanding Academic Vocabulary”

Reading Fluency: Ability to read quickly, without mistakes, with expression, and fluently. Students should recognize most words automatically.  Automaticity: When reader can recognize words automatically. Automaticity is a component of fluency. Words that are unfamiliar to students should also be read quickly using decoding strategies. Speed: Another component of fluency. Readers who are fluent canContinue reading “Ch. 6 Developing Fluent Readers and Writers”

Vocabulary: Phonemes: Smallest unit of sound Graphemes: The letter that represents correlating sound Graphonemic: Learned by matching letters and letter combinations to sounds, blend sounds to form different words, decode, and spell vowel patterns. Phonemic Awareness: Basic understanding that speech is composed of individual sounds. Provides foundation for phonics and spelling. Phonemic Awareness Strategies:  IdentifyingContinue reading “Chapter 5: Cracking The Alphabetic Code”